32 research outputs found

    Vestigios de un reino perdido: un mar de hace 440 millones de a帽os en Paraguay : Un mar paleozoico en el seno de Sudam茅rica: sedimentos y f贸siles de un Paraguay remoto

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    Hace unos 440 millones de a帽os, durante el Paleozoico Temprano, un mar ocup贸 una vasta regi贸n de Sudam茅rica que se corresponde actualmente con la porci贸n oriental de Paraguay, sureste de Brasil, centro de Uruguay y noreste de Argentina. En esta cuenca, que no era muy profunda, vivieron comunidades muy diversas de animales invertebrados (trilobites, graptolitos, braqui贸podos y moluscos, entre otros), cuyos restos perduran hasta nuestros d铆as en el interior de las rocas sedimentarias. Los afloramientos con estos f贸siles poseen un singular valor geol贸gico para reconstruir los ambientes y la geograf铆a del pasado de este territorio. No obstante, debido a la densa vegetaci贸n actual, las rocas de ese antiguo mar s贸lo asoman en algunas localidades. En la Rep煤blica del Paraguay, los dep贸sitos m谩s importantes se localizan cerca del margen suroeste del Lago Ypacara铆, al este de la ciudad de Asunci贸n (Fig. 1), y consisten en limos y arcillas que quedan al descubierto en las canteras abiertas para la explotaci贸n econ贸mica de arcilla. Hace unos a帽os, la Divisi贸n Geolog铆a del Museo de La Plata inici贸 una serie de estudios, con el apoyo log铆stico del Ministerio de Obras P煤blicas y Comunicaciones de Paraguay, para avanzar en el conocimiento del sector paraguayo de la Cuenca de Paran谩. Estas actividades comprendieron varios trabajos de campo con el fin de describir las rocas de la regi贸n y su contenido fosil铆fero. Retomando el camino trazado por Horacio Harrington, Bruno Baldis y otros c茅lebres ge贸logos del siglo XX, el estudio de estos materiales aporta nueva informaci贸n sobre los tipos de organismos conservados en estas rocas, sus edades, y las condiciones ambientales (profundidad del mar, energ铆a, etc.) que prevalecieron durante su formaci贸n.Fundaci贸n Museo de La Plat

    Vestigios de un reino perdido: un mar de hace 440 millones de a帽os en Paraguay : Un mar paleozoico en el seno de Sudam茅rica: sedimentos y f贸siles de un Paraguay remoto

    Get PDF
    Hace unos 440 millones de a帽os, durante el Paleozoico Temprano, un mar ocup贸 una vasta regi贸n de Sudam茅rica que se corresponde actualmente con la porci贸n oriental de Paraguay, sureste de Brasil, centro de Uruguay y noreste de Argentina. En esta cuenca, que no era muy profunda, vivieron comunidades muy diversas de animales invertebrados (trilobites, graptolitos, braqui贸podos y moluscos, entre otros), cuyos restos perduran hasta nuestros d铆as en el interior de las rocas sedimentarias. Los afloramientos con estos f贸siles poseen un singular valor geol贸gico para reconstruir los ambientes y la geograf铆a del pasado de este territorio. No obstante, debido a la densa vegetaci贸n actual, las rocas de ese antiguo mar s贸lo asoman en algunas localidades. En la Rep煤blica del Paraguay, los dep贸sitos m谩s importantes se localizan cerca del margen suroeste del Lago Ypacara铆, al este de la ciudad de Asunci贸n (Fig. 1), y consisten en limos y arcillas que quedan al descubierto en las canteras abiertas para la explotaci贸n econ贸mica de arcilla. Hace unos a帽os, la Divisi贸n Geolog铆a del Museo de La Plata inici贸 una serie de estudios, con el apoyo log铆stico del Ministerio de Obras P煤blicas y Comunicaciones de Paraguay, para avanzar en el conocimiento del sector paraguayo de la Cuenca de Paran谩. Estas actividades comprendieron varios trabajos de campo con el fin de describir las rocas de la regi贸n y su contenido fosil铆fero. Retomando el camino trazado por Horacio Harrington, Bruno Baldis y otros c茅lebres ge贸logos del siglo XX, el estudio de estos materiales aporta nueva informaci贸n sobre los tipos de organismos conservados en estas rocas, sus edades, y las condiciones ambientales (profundidad del mar, energ铆a, etc.) que prevalecieron durante su formaci贸n.Fundaci贸n Museo de La Plat

    Vestigios de un reino perdido: un mar de hace 440 millones de a帽os en Paraguay : Un mar paleozoico en el seno de Sudam茅rica: sedimentos y f贸siles de un Paraguay remoto

    Get PDF
    Hace unos 440 millones de a帽os, durante el Paleozoico Temprano, un mar ocup贸 una vasta regi贸n de Sudam茅rica que se corresponde actualmente con la porci贸n oriental de Paraguay, sureste de Brasil, centro de Uruguay y noreste de Argentina. En esta cuenca, que no era muy profunda, vivieron comunidades muy diversas de animales invertebrados (trilobites, graptolitos, braqui贸podos y moluscos, entre otros), cuyos restos perduran hasta nuestros d铆as en el interior de las rocas sedimentarias. Los afloramientos con estos f贸siles poseen un singular valor geol贸gico para reconstruir los ambientes y la geograf铆a del pasado de este territorio. No obstante, debido a la densa vegetaci贸n actual, las rocas de ese antiguo mar s贸lo asoman en algunas localidades. En la Rep煤blica del Paraguay, los dep贸sitos m谩s importantes se localizan cerca del margen suroeste del Lago Ypacara铆, al este de la ciudad de Asunci贸n (Fig. 1), y consisten en limos y arcillas que quedan al descubierto en las canteras abiertas para la explotaci贸n econ贸mica de arcilla. Hace unos a帽os, la Divisi贸n Geolog铆a del Museo de La Plata inici贸 una serie de estudios, con el apoyo log铆stico del Ministerio de Obras P煤blicas y Comunicaciones de Paraguay, para avanzar en el conocimiento del sector paraguayo de la Cuenca de Paran谩. Estas actividades comprendieron varios trabajos de campo con el fin de describir las rocas de la regi贸n y su contenido fosil铆fero. Retomando el camino trazado por Horacio Harrington, Bruno Baldis y otros c茅lebres ge贸logos del siglo XX, el estudio de estos materiales aporta nueva informaci贸n sobre los tipos de organismos conservados en estas rocas, sus edades, y las condiciones ambientales (profundidad del mar, energ铆a, etc.) que prevalecieron durante su formaci贸n.Fundaci贸n Museo de La Plat

    Towards A Grid Infrastructure For Hydro-Meteorological Research

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    The Distributed Research Infrastructure for Hydro-Meteorological Study (DRIHMS) is a coordinatedaction co-funded by the European Commission. DRIHMS analyzes the main issuesthat arise when designing and setting up a pan-European Grid-based e-Infrastructure for researchactivities in the hydrologic and meteorological fields. The main outcome of the projectis represented first by a set of Grid usage patterns to support innovative hydro-meteorologicalresearch activities, and second by the implications that such patterns define for a dedicatedGrid infrastructure and the respective Grid architecture

    Multifractal modeling of anomalous scaling laws in rainfall

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    The coupling of hydrological distributed models to numerical weather predictions outputs is an important issue for hydrological applications such as forecasting of flood events. Downscaling meteorological predictions to the hydrological scales requires the resolution of two fundamental issues regarding precipitation, namely: 1) understanding the statistical properties and scaling laws of rainfall fields; 2) validation of downscaling models that are able to preserve statistical characteristics observed in real precipitation. In this paper we discuss the first issue by introducing a new multifractal model that appears particularly suitable for random generation of synthetic rainfall. We argue that the results presented in this paper may be also useful for the solution of the second question. Statistical behavior of rainfall in time is investigated through a high resolution time series recorded in Genova (Italy). The multifractal analysis shows the presence of a temporal threshold, localized around 10梅20 hours, which separates two ranges of anomalous scaling laws. Synthetic time series, characterized by very similar scaling laws to the observed one, are generated with the multifractal model. The potential of the model for extreme rainfall event distributions is also discussed. The multifractal analysis of GATE radar fields have shown that statistical properties of rainfall in space depend on time durations over which precipitation is accumulated. Further analysis of some rainfall fields produced with a meteorological limited area model exhibited the same anomalous scaling as the GATE fields

    The Borexino detector at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso

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    Borexino, a large volume detector for low energy neutrino spectroscopy, is currently running underground at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Italy. The main goal of the experiment is the real-time measurement of sub MeV solar neutrinos, and particularly of the mono energetic (862 keV) Be7 electron capture neutrinos, via neutrino-electron scattering in an ultra-pure liquid scintillator. This paper is mostly devoted to the description of the detector structure, the photomultipliers, the electronics, and the trigger and calibration systems. The real performance of the detector, which always meets, and sometimes exceeds, design expectations, is also shown. Some important aspects of the Borexino project, i.e. the fluid handling plants, the purification techniques and the filling procedures, are not covered in this paper and are, or will be, published elsewhere (see Introduction and Bibliography).Comment: 37 pages, 43 figures, to be submitted to NI

    A reflection about the social and technological aspects in flood risk management - the case of the Italian Civil Protection

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    The right of a person to be protected from natural hazards is a characteristic of the social and economical development of the society. This paper is a contribution to the reflection about the role of Civil Protection organizations in a modern society. The paper is based in the inaugural conference made by the authors on the 9th Plinius Conference on Mediterranean Storms. Two major issues are considered. The first one is sociological; the Civil Protection organizations and the responsible administration of the land use planning should be perceived as reliable as possible, in order to get consensus on the restrictions they pose, temporary or definitely, on the individual free use of the territory as well as in the entire warning system. The second one is technological: in order to be reliable they have to issue timely alert and warning to the population at large, but such alarms should be as "true" as possible. With this aim, the paper summarizes the historical evolution of the risk assessment, starting from the original concept of "hazard", introducing the concepts of "scenario of event" and "scenario of risk" and ending with a discussion about the uncertainties and limits of the most advanced and efficient tools to predict, to forecast and to observe the ground effects affecting people and their properties. The discussion is centred in the case of heavy rains and flood events in the North-West of Mediterranean Region

    A new parsimonious methodology of mapping the spatial variability of annual maximum rainfall in mountainous environments

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    The estimation of rare frequency rainfall is an essential prerequisite for the design of engineering structures and to determine risk areas. Index-based methods are among the most applied for regional frequency analysis of hydrological variables such as discharge and rainfall and comprise two stages: the mapping of a scale or \u201cindex\u201d factor and the derivation of rainfall growth curves. The underlying hypothesis of these methods is that cumulative distribution functions of a certain random variable can be assumed homogeneous on a given region, except for the index factor, which varies spatially in that region and is often represented by the expected value of the random variable itself at a given location. Methods either to single out homogeneous regions or to evaluate the index factor can be purely statistical and physically based. In this paper a robust and transferable physically based methodology is proposed to estimate the index factor for rainfall in mountainous regions referred to in the following text as \u201cindex rainfall.\u201d Index rainfall is defined as the expected value of annual rainfall maxima recorded in a fixed time window: a time window of 1 h is used. Reliable estimates of the index rainfall are obtained at ungauged sites by applying a relationship, based on a multivariate linear regression obtained at gauged sites, of rainfall and selected synthetic descriptors for atmospheric climate and orography. An extended and general set of descriptors is chosen from parameters that are considered in the literature to affect rainfall intensity. The relevant relief descriptors, defining slope, elevation, orientation, etc., at a given location, are extracted from digital elevation models (DEMs). A 2D Fourier series analysis of the DEM is performed and a spectral analysis is carried out to single out the components with the highest morphological information content. The synthetic relief descriptors are evaluated along different cross sections of the 2D truncated Fourier series to single out the role of the prevailing convection direction of extreme rainfall-producing meteorological patterns. The optimal descriptor subset for the study area is then extracted to maximize transferability of the method. Application to the Italian and French Alps and the Apennines shows encouraging results. Descriptor subset extraction has been tested and validated on independent subsets of index rainfall estimates in the regions. Results demonstrate that the proposed method is robust, transferable, and reliable for the evaluation of the index rainfall in ungauged sites
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